The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia

Henny Saida Flora; Maidin Gultom; Ica Karina

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19

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The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia

Henny Saida Flora^*

, Maidin Gultom, Ica Karina

Published in International Journal of Law and Society (Volume 8, Issue 4)

Received: 2 November 2025 Accepted: 12 November 2025 Published: 9 December 2025

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Abstract

The visum et repertum serves as a crucial piece of evidence in criminal investigations, particularly in homicide cases in Indonesia. As a medico-legal document prepared by a forensic doctor at the request of law enforcement, it provides scientific findings regarding injuries, causes of death, and other physiological conditions of the victim. This study aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of the visum et repertum in uncovering murder cases within the Indonesian criminal justice system. Using a normative juridical method supported by case analysis, this research examines the legal position of the visum et repertum as regulated in the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and other related laws. The results show that the visum et repertum has a significant probative value as expert testimony in written form, which is essential to prove the occurrence of violence or death and to identify the mechanism and time of death. Although it is categorized as secondary evidence, its scientific and objective nature often makes it a decisive element in court proceedings. Furthermore, the visum et repertum bridges the gap between legal interpretation and medical science, providing clarity that cannot be obtained through ordinary witness statements. However, the strength of this document also depends on the accuracy of forensic examination, the completeness of police requests, and the competence of the medical expert. In conclusion, the visum et repertum plays a vital and irreplaceable role in the process of revealing truth in murder cases. Strengthening coordination between law enforcement and forensic institutions, as well as enhancing the professionalism of forensic experts, is essential to ensure that the visum et repertum remains a reliable instrument of justice in Indonesia’s criminal procedure system.

Published in	International Journal of Law and Society (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19
Page(s)	360-368
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Post-mortem Examination, Evidence, Murder, Expert Testimony, Justice

References

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APA Style

Flora, H. S., Gultom, M., Karina, I. (2025). The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia. International Journal of Law and Society, 8(4), 360-368. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19

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ACS Style

Flora, H. S.; Gultom, M.; Karina, I. The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia. Int. J. Law Soc. 2025, 8(4), 360-368. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19

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AMA Style

Flora HS, Gultom M, Karina I. The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia. Int J Law Soc. 2025;8(4):360-368. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19

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@article{10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19,
  author = {Henny Saida Flora and Maidin Gultom and Ica Karina},
  title = {The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia},
  journal = {International Journal of Law and Society},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {360-368},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijls.20250804.19},
  abstract = {The visum et repertum serves as a crucial piece of evidence in criminal investigations, particularly in homicide cases in Indonesia. As a medico-legal document prepared by a forensic doctor at the request of law enforcement, it provides scientific findings regarding injuries, causes of death, and other physiological conditions of the victim. This study aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of the visum et repertum in uncovering murder cases within the Indonesian criminal justice system. Using a normative juridical method supported by case analysis, this research examines the legal position of the visum et repertum as regulated in the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and other related laws. The results show that the visum et repertum has a significant probative value as expert testimony in written form, which is essential to prove the occurrence of violence or death and to identify the mechanism and time of death. Although it is categorized as secondary evidence, its scientific and objective nature often makes it a decisive element in court proceedings. Furthermore, the visum et repertum bridges the gap between legal interpretation and medical science, providing clarity that cannot be obtained through ordinary witness statements. However, the strength of this document also depends on the accuracy of forensic examination, the completeness of police requests, and the competence of the medical expert. In conclusion, the visum et repertum plays a vital and irreplaceable role in the process of revealing truth in murder cases. Strengthening coordination between law enforcement and forensic institutions, as well as enhancing the professionalism of forensic experts, is essential to ensure that the visum et repertum remains a reliable instrument of justice in Indonesia’s criminal procedure system.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia
AU  - Henny Saida Flora
AU  - Maidin Gultom
AU  - Ica Karina
Y1  - 2025/12/09
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19
T2  - International Journal of Law and Society
JF  - International Journal of Law and Society
JO  - International Journal of Law and Society
SP  - 360
EP  - 368
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1908
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19
AB  - The visum et repertum serves as a crucial piece of evidence in criminal investigations, particularly in homicide cases in Indonesia. As a medico-legal document prepared by a forensic doctor at the request of law enforcement, it provides scientific findings regarding injuries, causes of death, and other physiological conditions of the victim. This study aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of the visum et repertum in uncovering murder cases within the Indonesian criminal justice system. Using a normative juridical method supported by case analysis, this research examines the legal position of the visum et repertum as regulated in the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and other related laws. The results show that the visum et repertum has a significant probative value as expert testimony in written form, which is essential to prove the occurrence of violence or death and to identify the mechanism and time of death. Although it is categorized as secondary evidence, its scientific and objective nature often makes it a decisive element in court proceedings. Furthermore, the visum et repertum bridges the gap between legal interpretation and medical science, providing clarity that cannot be obtained through ordinary witness statements. However, the strength of this document also depends on the accuracy of forensic examination, the completeness of police requests, and the competence of the medical expert. In conclusion, the visum et repertum plays a vital and irreplaceable role in the process of revealing truth in murder cases. Strengthening coordination between law enforcement and forensic institutions, as well as enhancing the professionalism of forensic experts, is essential to ensure that the visum et repertum remains a reliable instrument of justice in Indonesia’s criminal procedure system.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Henny Saida Flora

Department of Law, Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas, Medan, Indonesia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-3274-6663
Maidin Gultom

Department of Law, Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas, Medan, Indonesia

Contact Email
Ica Karina

Department of Law, Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas, Medan, Indonesia

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Flora, H. S., Gultom, M., Karina, I. (2025). The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia. International Journal of Law and Society, 8(4), 360-368. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19

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ACS Style

Flora, H. S.; Gultom, M.; Karina, I. The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia. Int. J. Law Soc. 2025, 8(4), 360-368. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19

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AMA Style

Flora HS, Gultom M, Karina I. The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia. Int J Law Soc. 2025;8(4):360-368. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19,
  author = {Henny Saida Flora and Maidin Gultom and Ica Karina},
  title = {The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia},
  journal = {International Journal of Law and Society},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {360-368},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijls.20250804.19},
  abstract = {The visum et repertum serves as a crucial piece of evidence in criminal investigations, particularly in homicide cases in Indonesia. As a medico-legal document prepared by a forensic doctor at the request of law enforcement, it provides scientific findings regarding injuries, causes of death, and other physiological conditions of the victim. This study aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of the visum et repertum in uncovering murder cases within the Indonesian criminal justice system. Using a normative juridical method supported by case analysis, this research examines the legal position of the visum et repertum as regulated in the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and other related laws. The results show that the visum et repertum has a significant probative value as expert testimony in written form, which is essential to prove the occurrence of violence or death and to identify the mechanism and time of death. Although it is categorized as secondary evidence, its scientific and objective nature often makes it a decisive element in court proceedings. Furthermore, the visum et repertum bridges the gap between legal interpretation and medical science, providing clarity that cannot be obtained through ordinary witness statements. However, the strength of this document also depends on the accuracy of forensic examination, the completeness of police requests, and the competence of the medical expert. In conclusion, the visum et repertum plays a vital and irreplaceable role in the process of revealing truth in murder cases. Strengthening coordination between law enforcement and forensic institutions, as well as enhancing the professionalism of forensic experts, is essential to ensure that the visum et repertum remains a reliable instrument of justice in Indonesia’s criminal procedure system.},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Evidential Power of Visum et Repertum in Solving Murder Cases in Indonesia
AU  - Henny Saida Flora
AU  - Maidin Gultom
AU  - Ica Karina
Y1  - 2025/12/09
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19
T2  - International Journal of Law and Society
JF  - International Journal of Law and Society
JO  - International Journal of Law and Society
SP  - 360
EP  - 368
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1908
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20250804.19
AB  - The visum et repertum serves as a crucial piece of evidence in criminal investigations, particularly in homicide cases in Indonesia. As a medico-legal document prepared by a forensic doctor at the request of law enforcement, it provides scientific findings regarding injuries, causes of death, and other physiological conditions of the victim. This study aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of the visum et repertum in uncovering murder cases within the Indonesian criminal justice system. Using a normative juridical method supported by case analysis, this research examines the legal position of the visum et repertum as regulated in the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and other related laws. The results show that the visum et repertum has a significant probative value as expert testimony in written form, which is essential to prove the occurrence of violence or death and to identify the mechanism and time of death. Although it is categorized as secondary evidence, its scientific and objective nature often makes it a decisive element in court proceedings. Furthermore, the visum et repertum bridges the gap between legal interpretation and medical science, providing clarity that cannot be obtained through ordinary witness statements. However, the strength of this document also depends on the accuracy of forensic examination, the completeness of police requests, and the competence of the medical expert. In conclusion, the visum et repertum plays a vital and irreplaceable role in the process of revealing truth in murder cases. Strengthening coordination between law enforcement and forensic institutions, as well as enhancing the professionalism of forensic experts, is essential to ensure that the visum et repertum remains a reliable instrument of justice in Indonesia’s criminal procedure system.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

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